The Great Pyramid of Giza

Al Haram, Nazlet El-Semman, Al Haram, Giza Governorate 3512201, Egypt
Open daily: 8 AM – 4:30 PM

The Great Pyramid of Giza, also called the Pyramid of Khufu or the Pyramid of Cheops, is the largest and most iconic of the three pyramids on the Giza Plateau in Egypt. Constructed over 4,500 years ago during the Fourth Dynasty, this monumental structure remains an enduring symbol of ancient Egyptian ingenuity, power, and spiritual beliefs. As the only remaining wonder of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, the Great Pyramid captivates millions of visitors each year who are drawn to its imposing size, architectural precision, and the enduring mysteries surrounding its construction. Here’s a closer look at the pyramid’s fascinating history and what to expect when visiting this legendary site.

The Great Pyramid of Giza, built over 4,500 years ago during Egypt's Fourth Dynasty, is the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World and the only one still largely intact. Constructed as a tomb for the Pharaoh Khufu, it originally stood at approximately 481 feet (146.6 meters) and was the tallest man-made structure in the world for over 3,800 years.

The Great Pyramid was constructed using an estimated 2.3 million stone blocks, each weighing between 2.5 to 15 tons. Despite extensive studies, the exact methods of construction remain a mystery, adding to its allure and mystique. Remarkably, the pyramid was originally covered in polished Tura limestone, which made it shine brightly under the sun; however, most of these casing stones were later removed.

Aligned precisely with the cardinal points, the Great Pyramid’s sides face true north, south, east, and west with astounding accuracy, demonstrating the Egyptians’ advanced understanding of astronomy and mathematics. Inside, intricate passageways and chambers hold secrets that have intrigued historians and archaeologists for centuries.

Opening Hours

The Great Pyramid of Giza is open daily, including weekends and holidays:

  • October to March: 8:00 AM – 5:00 PM
  • April to September: 7:00 AM – 7:00 PM

Note: Hours may vary on public holidays or special events, so check before your visit.

Tickets

There are several ticket options depending on what you wish to explore:

  • General Admission: Access to the Giza Plateau to view the pyramids from outside and explore surrounding areas.
    • ~200 EGP for adults
    • ~100 EGP for students
  • Entry to the Great Pyramid (Pyramid of Khufu): Allows access inside the largest pyramid.
    • ~400 EGP for adults
    • ~200 EGP for students
  • Entry to the Pyramid of Khafre or Pyramid of Menkaure: Access to interiors of the smaller pyramids.
    • ~100 EGP for adults
    • ~50 EGP for students
  • Solar Boat Museum: Near the Great Pyramid, displaying an ancient funeral boat.
    • ~100 EGP for adults
    • ~50 EGP for students

Where to Buy: Tickets are available at the main entrance or online through select vendors.

Best Time to Visit

  • Early Morning: Arriving at opening time provides cooler temperatures, fewer crowds, and ideal light for photography.
  • Late Afternoon: Softer lighting and a more comfortable atmosphere make late afternoons a great option.
  • Fall and Winter (October to March): Cooler months are ideal to avoid intense summer heat.

Other Iconic Ancient Structures

Like the Great Pyramid, other ancient structures such as Machu Picchu in Peru, Petra in Jordan, and The Colosseum in Italy reflect the ingenuity and cultural significance of early civilizations. These landmarks not only inspire awe but also connect modern visitors to the rich history and achievements of ancient societies.

Egyptian Culture & Cuisine

After visiting the Great Pyramid, immerse yourself in Egyptian culture by exploring traditional local cuisine. Nearby, you can try authentic dishes such as koshari (a mix of rice, lentils, and pasta), falafel, and shawarma. Many local cafés and restaurants near Giza offer these specialties, allowing you to experience a taste of Egypt’s vibrant culinary heritage.

Nearby Attractions

The Great Pyramid is part of the larger Giza pyramid complex, which includes two other major pyramids: the Pyramids of Khafre and Menkaure. Nearby, you’ll find the Great Sphinx of Giza, a monumental limestone statue with the body of a lion and the head of a pharaoh, symbolizing strength and wisdom.

Other notable sites include the Solar Boat Museum, which houses an ancient wooden vessel thought to have been used in the pharaoh’s funeral rites. For a more extensive experience of Egypt’s ancient history, the Egyptian Museum in Cairo displays a vast collection of artifacts, including treasures from King Tutankhamun’s tomb.

Selected Tours

What to See at the Great Pyramid of Giza

The Great Pyramid of Giza is the centerpiece of a sprawling necropolis on the Giza Plateau. Beyond the main pyramid itself, visitors can explore an array of fascinating structures and artifacts that together tell the story of ancient Egypt’s remarkable achievements. Here’s an expanded look at the must-see sights in this historic complex.